Tibor Hortobágyi

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Tibor Hortobágyi
Born
Tibor Tamás Hortobágyi

November 9, 1955
Budapest, Hungary
Known forBiomechanics, exercise neuroscience, cross education, gait, neuromechanical adaptations to exercise interventions, gerontology
TitleProfessor
Scientific career
InstitutionsHungarian University of Sports Science, Department of Kinesiology

East Carolina University, Department of Kinesiology

University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences

Tibor Hortobágyi (b. November 9, 1955) is a Hungarian-born biomechanist and neuroscientist whose research focuses on understanding of the neural and biomechanical mechanisms of adaptations to exercise training and the neuromechanical correlates of muscular performance in health and disease.[1] He is currently a Research Professor at the Hungarian University of Sports Science in Budapest.[2] Formerly, he was a professor of biomechanics in the Department of Kinesiology at East Carolina University[2] and a professor of Movement and Healthy Ageing at the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen.[3] He is a founding editor in chief of Biomechanics.[4] He has published more than 350 peer reviewed papers.[5]

Education

Tibor Tamás Hortobágyi was born in Budapest, on November 9, 1955. He received a bachelor's degree in physical education and an expert track and field coaching diploma (1979), and taught theory of exercise training at the Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest (1979–1984).[2] He worked as a research associate with Professor Anthony J. Sargeant at University College, London (1984–1985).[2] He moved to the United States and enrolled in the graduate school of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and completed his studies in biomechanics with masters (1988) and PhD degrees (1990). He was a postdoctoral fellow in exercise physiology in the Human Performance Lab at East Carolina University (1990–1993).[2]

Academic career

Hortobágyi was appointed Associate Professor (1997) and Professor (2005) at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC).[2] The Biomechanics Laboratory housed The LeRoy T. Walker International Human Performance Center established by the Durham, NC-based Dr. LeRoy T. Walker (1997).[6] The Center aimed to increase third world track and field athletes' chances for a successful Olympic participation.[7] Hortobágyi was appointed as the Professor of Movement and Healthy Ageing in the Department of Human Movement Sciences at the University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen (2011–2022).[3] Currently, he is a Research Professor in the Department of Kinesiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest.[2] Hortobágyi has been a member of the Society for Neuroscience and the American College of Sports Medicine for nearly 30 years.

Research

Gait studies — Hortobágyi's gait studies in collaboration with Professor Paul DeVita[8] were the first to demonstrate the phenomenon of biomechanical plasticity of human gait during healthy aging.[9] Subsequently a series of strength training intervention studies showed a partial restoration of youthful gait kinetics in old age.[10][11] Hortobágyi's data suggested a neural mechanism, i.e., an age-typical rise in agonist and antagonist muscle coactivation to most likely underlie the age-related increase in cost of transport.[12] Working in Professor John Rothwell's lab, neurophysiological brain data seemed to substantiate the observations at the whole muscle level.[13] Additional studies revealed that older compared with younger adults execute several activities of daily living near the available maximal capacity, suggesting why seniors perceive daily tasks fatiguing.[14] Downward stepping paradigms also pointed to a key role of heightened muscle coactivation in stiffening the leg upon landing on the ground with aging.[15] Coherence and corticomuscular coherence analyses of electroencephalographic data collected while walking on narrowing surfaces demonstrated how age-related neural compensations act as coping mechanisms to preserve walking balance.[16]

Eccentric training — Hortobágyi's studies on eccentric muscle contraction revealed an important role of eccentric muscle contraction in the gains of muscle strength and size in health and disease.[17] A series of subsequent studies elucidated microstructural, neural and behavioral adaptations to strength training using eccentric contractions in younger and older adults.[18][19][20] Eccentric training has become ubiquitous in rehabilitation, fitness, and athletic preparation.

Ipsilateral brain control and cross-education — Practicing a manual skill just for a few minutes or performing forceful muscle contractions several days a week for a few weeks improves the practiced skill or the level of voluntary force in the non-practiced limb's homologous muscles.[21] Working in Professor Simon Gandevia's laboratory,[22] a study revealed how incremental increase in voluntary force in the wrist flexors increased ipsilateral motor cortical activation, measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) but reduced segmental excitability, measured by the h-reflex.[23] These data gave rise to the idea to increase inter-limb transfer of skill or force by electrical muscle stimulation of the practicing muscles.[24] Working in Professor Mark Hallett's laboratory at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the mechanism of cross-education seemed to be related to interhemispheric plasticity but the mechanism remains unresolved.[25]

Editorial activities

  • Biomechanics, editor in chief, 2022-current
  • Experimental Gerontology, Associate editor, 2020-2025
  • Frontiers in Physiology, Associate editor, 2018-2025
  • Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Associate editor, 2020-current
  • Brazilian Journal of Motor Behavior, Associate editor, founding co-editor of 'Current Opinion', 2020-current
  • Physiology International, Associate editor, 2021-current

Impact, honors and awards

As of June 2026, Google Scholar reveals over 25,000 citations and an h-index of 80.[26] He served as an expert reviewer for several NIH study sections (2001–2010), the Human Frontier Science Program (1996–1999), and the Erasmus Programme (2021–2025).

  • Fellow of the European Academy of Medical Sciences[27]
  • Doctor Honoris Causa, Semmelweis Medical University, Budapest, Hungary, 2005[28]
  • Five-Year Research Award, School of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, 1999
  • Researcher of the Year, School of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA, 1997
  • Fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine, 1996[2]
  • Scholarship Award, American College of Sports Medicine, 1988
  • Honorary Research Fellow, University College, London, 1984

Most cited publications

  • Hortobágyi et al. Adaptive responses to muscle lengthening and shortening. J Appl Physiol, 80:765-772, 1996.[20]
  • Hortobágyi et al. Old adults perform activities of daily living near their maximal capabilities. J Gerontol, 58:M453-460, 2003.[14]
  • Hortobágyi et al. Changes in segmental and motor cortical output with contralateral muscle contractions and altered sensory inputs in humans. J Neurophysiol, 90:2451-2459, 2003.[23]
  • Hortobágyi et al. Age reduces cortical reciprocal inhibition in humans. Exp Brain Res, 171:322-329, 2006.[13]
  • Hortobágyi et al. Interhemispheric plasticity in humans. Med Sci Sport Exerc, 43:1188-1199, 2011.[25]
  • Hortobágyi et al. Changes in muscle strength, muscle fiber size, and myofibrillar gene expression after immobilization and retraining in humans. J Physiol, 524:293-304, 2000.[19]
  • DeVita P, Hortobágyi T. Age causes a redistribution of joint torques and powers during gait. J Appl Physiol, 88:1804-1811, 2000.[9]
  • Borde et al. Dose-response relationships of resistance training in healthy old adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med, 45:1693-1720, 2015.[29]
  • Sanders et al. Dose-response relationship between exercise and cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS One, 14(1):e0210036, 2019.[30]

References

  1. ↑ "Tibor Hortobagyi".
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "UMCG, Groningen". 25 June 2022.
  4. ↑ "Editor-in-chief of Biomechanics".
  5. ↑ "Tibor Hortobagyi".
  6. ↑ "LeRoy T. Walker International Human Performance Center". 25 April 2012.
  7. ↑ A program that was featured on CNN (1997), see External links.
  8. ↑ "Paul DeVita, East Carolina University".
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Wang, Ray-Yau; Wang, Yuan-Li; Cheng, Fang-Yu; Chao, Yuan-Hung; Chen, Chien-Liang; Yang, Yea-Ru (June 2015). "Effects of combined exercise on gait variability in community-dwelling older adults". AGE. 37 (3) 40. doi:10.1007/s11357-015-9780-2. ISSN 0161-9152. PMC 4408301. PMID 25907712.
  10. ↑ Beijersbergen, C. M. I.; Granacher, U.; Vandervoort, A. A.; DeVita, P.; Hortobágyi, T. (March 2013). "The biomechanical mechanism of how strength and power training improves walking speed in old adults remains unknown". Ageing Research Reviews. 12 (2): 618–627. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2013.03.001. ISSN 1872-9649. PMID 23501431.
  11. ↑ Uematsu, Azusa; Tsuchiya, Kazushi; Kadono, Norio; Kobayashi, Hirofumi; Kaetsu, Takamasa; Hortobágyi, Tibor; Suzuki, Shuji (October 2014). "A behavioral mechanism of how increases in leg strength improve old adults' gait speed". PLOS ONE. 9 (10) e110350. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k0350U. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110350. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4195722. PMID 25310220.
  12. ↑ Boyer, Katherine A.; Hayes, Kate L.; Umberger, Brian R.; Adamczyk, Peter Gabriel; Bean, Jonathan F. (March 2023). "Age-related changes in gait biomechanics and their impact on the metabolic cost of walking: Report from a National Institute on Aging workshop". Experimental Gerontology. 173 112102. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2023.112102. PMC 10008437. PMID 36693530.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Beynel, Lysianne; Davis, Simon W.; Crowell, Courtney A.; Dannhauer, Moritz; Lim, Wesley; Palmer, Hannah; Hilbig, Susan A.; Brito, Alexandra; Hile, Connor; Luber, Bruce; Lisanby, Sarah H.; Peterchev, Angel V.; Cabeza, Roberto; Appelbaum, Lawrence G. (2020-04-27). "Site-Specific Effects of Online rTMS during a Working Memory Task in Healthy Older Adults". Brain Sciences. 10 (5): 255. doi:10.3390/brainsci10050255. ISSN 2076-3425. PMC 7287855. PMID 32349366.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Holzer, D.; Epro, G.; McCrum, C.; Doerner, J.; Luetkens, J. A.; Scheef, L.; Kukuk, G. M.; Boecker, H.; Mierau, A.; Brüggemann, G.-P.; Maganaris, C. N.; Karamanidis, K. (November 2018). "The role of muscle strength on tendon adaptability in old age". European Journal of Applied Physiology. 118 (11): 2269–2279. doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3947-3. ISSN 1439-6319. PMC 6182320. PMID 30088133.
  15. ↑ DeVita, P.; Hortobagyi, T. (December 2000). "Age increases the skeletal versus muscular component of lower extremity stiffness during stepping down". The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 55 (12): B593–600. doi:10.1093/gerona/55.12.b593. ISSN 1079-5006. PMID 11129389.
  16. ↑ da Silva Costa, Andréia Abud; Moraes, Renato; den Otter, Rob; Gennaro, Federico; Bakker, Lisanne; Rocha Dos Santos, Paulo Cezar; Hortobágyi, Tibor (September 2024). "Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence as a function of age and walking balance difficulty". Neurobiology of Aging. 141: 85–101. doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.05.004. ISSN 1558-1497.
  17. ↑ Margaritelis, Nikos V.; Theodorou, Anastasios A.; Chatzinikolaou, Panagiotis N.; Kyparos, Antonios; Nikolaidis, Michalis G.; Paschalis, Vassilis (February 2021). "Eccentric exercise per se does not affect muscle damage biomarkers: early and late phase adaptations". European Journal of Applied Physiology. 121 (2): 549–559. doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04528-w. ISSN 1439-6319. PMID 33156414.
  18. ↑ Barrué-Belou, Simon; Amarantini, David; Marque, Philippe; Duclay, Julien (May 2016). "Neural adaptations to submaximal isokinetic eccentric strength training". European Journal of Applied Physiology. 116 (5): 1021–1030. doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3367-1. ISSN 1439-6319. PMID 27030127.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Douglas, Jamie; Pearson, Simon; Ross, Angus; McGuigan, Mike (May 2017). "Chronic Adaptations to Eccentric Training: A Systematic Review". Sports Medicine. 47 (5): 917–941. doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0628-4. ISSN 0112-1642. PMID 27647157.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Julian, Valérie; Thivel, David; Costes, Frédéric; Touron, Julianne; Boirie, Yves; Pereira, Bruno; Perrault, Hélène; Duclos, Martine; Richard, Ruddy (2018-08-07). "Eccentric Training Improves Body Composition by Inducing Mechanical and Metabolic Adaptations: A Promising Approach for Overweight and Obese Individuals". Frontiers in Physiology. 9 1013. doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01013. ISSN 1664-042X. PMC 6090036. PMID 30131705.
  21. ↑ Howatson, Glyn; Taylor, Mathew B.; Rider, Patrick; Motawar, Binal R.; McNally, Michael P.; Solnik, Stanislaw; DeVita, Paul; Hortobágyi, Tibor (March 2011). "Ipsilateral motor cortical responses to TMS during lengthening and shortening of the contralateral wrist flexors: Contraction-specificity in the ipsilateral M1". European Journal of Neuroscience. 33 (5): 978–990. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07567.x. PMC 3075420. PMID 21219480.
  22. ↑ "NEURA, Australia" (PDF).
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Hendy, Ashlee M.; Chye, Lilian; Teo, Wei-Peng (2017-08-03). "Cross-Activation of the Motor Cortex during Unilateral Contractions of the Quadriceps". Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 11 397. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00397. ISSN 1662-5161. PMC 5541022. PMID 28824401.
  24. ↑ Veldman, M. P.; Maffiuletti, N. A.; Hallett, M.; Zijdewind, I.; Hortobágyi, T. (November 2014). "Direct and crossed effects of somatosensory stimulation on neuronal excitability and motor performance in humans". Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. 47: 22–35. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.07.013. ISSN 1873-7528. PMID 25064816.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Frazer, Ashlyn K.; Pearce, Alan J.; Howatson, Glyn; Thomas, Kevin; Goodall, Stuart; Kidgell, Dawson J. (September 2018). "Determining the potential sites of neural adaptation to cross-education: implications for the cross-education of muscle strength". European Journal of Applied Physiology. 118 (9): 1751–1772. doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3937-5. ISSN 1439-6319. PMID 29995227.
  26. ↑ "Google Scholar". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 2025-12-15.
  27. ↑ "Tibor Hortobagyi - European Academy of Medical Sciences". www.eam.edu.eu. Retrieved 2026-06-15.
  28. ↑ "Doctor Honoris Causa, Semmelweis Medical University".
  29. ↑ Leitão, Luis; Venturini, Gabriela R. O.; Junior, Ricardo Pace; Monteiro, Estêvão Rios; Telles, Luiz Guilherme; Araújo, Gleisson; Novaes, Jefferson; Tavares, Carlos; Marques-Neto, Sílvio; Mazini, Mauro (2022-09-18). "Impact of Different Resistance Training Protocols on Balance, Quality of Life and Physical Activity Level of Older Women". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (18) 11765. doi:10.3390/ijerph191811765. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 9517151. PMID 36142038.
  30. ↑ Gallardo-Gómez, Daniel; del Pozo-Cruz, Jesús; Noetel, Michael; Álvarez-Barbosa, Francisco; Alfonso-Rosa, Rosa María; del Pozo Cruz, Borja (2022-04-01). "Optimal dose and type of exercise to improve cognitive function in older adults: A systematic review and bayesian model-based network meta-analysis of RCTs". Ageing Research Reviews. 76 101591. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101591. ISSN 1568-1637. PMID 35182742.

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