University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge is a research university that can be located in Cambridge, which is located in the United Kingdom. Cambridge University is the second-oldest institution in the English-speaking world and the world's third-oldest surviving university. It was established in 1209, and King Henry III of England bestowed a royal charter to the university in 1231. After a disagreement with the local populace, a group of academics broke away from the University of Oxford and founded what would later become this city's university. The two historic universities in England are sometimes referred to as Oxbridge since they have so many things in common with one another. The University of Cambridge is often rated as one of the most prominent educational institutions in the world.
The University of Cambridge is comprised of several institutions, the most notable of which are its 31 constituent colleges, which operate in a semi-autonomous capacity, and its approximately 150 academic departments, faculties, and other institutions, which are arranged into six schools. Within the context of the university, each college functions as an autonomous entity, with the ability to choose its own students for membership and to organise its own affairs according to its own policies. Every student is a part of one or more colleges. The institution does not have a core campus; rather, its colleges and other important facilities are dispersed around the city. The core of Cambridge University's undergraduate curriculum is built on weekly small-group supervisions held in the colleges by anywhere from one to four students in each session. The intense form of instruction that is used at Oxbridge is commonly regarded as the "jewel in the crown" of an undergraduate study at the university. In addition, the colleges and departments of the central university provide lectures, seminars, laboratory work, and sometimes additional supervisions. The majority of postgraduate education is delivered at the central campus. The university, not the individual colleges, is responsible for awarding degrees.
Over eight million students are assessed by Cambridge University Press & Assessment on a global scale each year, and the organisation reaches approximately fifty million students, teachers, and researchers on a monthly basis. Cambridge University Press & Assessment is the world's oldest university press, and it also ranks among the top examining bodies in the world. The institution also maintains a botanical garden in addition to operating eight cultural and scientific museums, one of which is called the Fitzwilliam Museum. There are about 100 libraries in Cambridge, and together they store around 16 million volumes. Of those books, approximately 9 million are housed at Cambridge University Library, which is designated as a legal deposit library. The Cambridge Union, which claims to be the oldest debate society in the world, is housed inside the university but operates independently of it. The institution has many ties to the growth of the high-tech company cluster known as "Silicon Fen," which is the most extensive technological cluster in all of Europe. The Cambridge University Health Partners is an academic health research centre that is centred on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus, and this institution is the core of that partnership.
According to the magnitude of its endowment, Cambridge Institution is the richest university in Europe. Research grants and contracts contributed £592.4 million to the overall revenue of the central university for the fiscal year that ended on July 31, 2019, bringing the total income to £2.192 billion. Colleges were not included in this figure. At the end of the same fiscal year, the combined endowments of the central university and colleges totaled more than £7.1 billion, and the overall consolidated net assets of the central university and colleges totaled more than £12.5 billion (this figure does not include "immaterial" historical assets). Cambridge University is a member of a large number of associations and is considered to be a part of the "golden triangle" of English universities. Cambridge is responsible for the education of a large number of notable alumni, including prominent politicians, scientists, lawyers, philosophers, authors, and actors. As of October 2020, Cambridge University may claim 121 Nobel laureates, 11 Fields Medalists, 7 Turing Award winners, 47 heads of state, and 14 British prime ministers among its alumni, students, teachers, and research personnel. 194 Olympic medals have been won by graduates of the University as of the year 2016.